Optimizing fuel composition, including the use of waste as fuel

Reducing the use of non-renewable resources

Technological developments have facilitated the efficient use of waste from other industries as alternative fuels or raw materials in cement production.

These waste materials are an important source of energy for the cement industry and at the same time they improve waste management, especially in developing countries. Also, they contribute toward the aim of decreasing fossil fuel use and costs while also conserving natural resources, lowering global CO 2 emissions and reducing the need for landfills. Our policy on AFR (see right hand navigation) guides our approach.

Building on 18 years of experience in co-processing, in 2006 we launched Geocycle, a waste management brand for Group companies, which covers most of our operations in Asia, Europe and North America. (See data below for further details of the energy produced from alternative fuels.)

In emerging markets, waste management is one of the most significant challenges. Disposal often occurs in an uncontrolled way, principally due to a lack of legislation, and this contributes to environmental pollution and presents health hazards.

To ensure that clear legal provisions are in place, we entered into partnership with the German-based international cooperation enterprise for sustainable development, GTZ, in 2003. For six years, we worked together to improve waste management and close gaps in legislation in selected developing countries. Our work paves the way for the transfer of technological know-how and provides an example of how to disseminate innovation while contributing to sustainable development.

The partnership concluded at the end of 2008. Collaboration between the two parties will continue on national level to ensure implementation of the guidelines. For further details please see the case study on the "GTZ-Holcim Public Private Partnership" in the right hand navigation.

Thermal substitution rate by alternative fuels *

*Due to ownership changes, figures for previous years have been restated.


Waste types used as alternative fuels for 2010

Energy and CO 2 *

 

Energy consumption

Cement Aggregates Ready-mix

2008 2009 2010 2008 2009 2010 2008 2009 2010
Fuel consumption (specific) MJ/t 1 3,007 2,932 2,925 22 22 25 20 31
33
in MJ/m3
Total MGJ/a 457 439 458 3.2 3.2 3.9 0.9 1.2 1.0
Power consumption (specific) kWh/t 3 105 104 102 2.5 2.8 2.8 3 3 3.7
in kWh/m 3
total million KWh/a 16,779 15,454 15,961 368 366 441 126 135 154
Indirect CO2 purchased power (million tonnes) 6.6 5.9 5.9 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
3) The scope of data collected and the method of consolidation of data for these parameters are consistent with CO2 data for the cement segment
1 1) Includes fuel used for onsite power generation.
2) Figures for Ready-mix and aggregates for 2009 include natural gas(previously excluded).

*Due to ownership changes, figures for previous years have been restated.

Waste management and recycling

 

Waste management and recycling
Cement Aggregates Ready-mix
2008 2009 2010 2008 2009 2010 2008 2009 2010
General waste management system 98% 98% 98% 80% 81% 90% 75% 76% 80%
Returned concrete recycling system n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 30% 27% 21%